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A recent IRSE article discussed ‘why do signalling projects fail’ and provided valuable insights into what defines a failed project, as well as the inherent risks that contribute to this. It was identified that the primary challenge is to optimise project scope whilst ensuring it is compatible with project schedule and cost constraints and considering signalling project delivery risks (Rumsey 2018). Achieving this trade-off for signalling ‘brownfield’ sites can be even more challenging due to the legacy issues and complexities involved.